Short-term |
Decrease in choline uptake | Aβ1–42, 1–40, 1–28, 25–35 | pmol/L–μmol/L | Cortical and hippocampal synaptosomes | (84), (85) |
Decrease in ACh release | Aβ1–42, 1–40, 1–28, 25–35 | pmol/L–μmol/L | Cortical and hippocampal slices, cortical and electric organ synaptosomes, retinal neurons | (84), (86)– (91) |
Decrease in whole-cell currents and increase in excitability | Aβ1–42, 25–35 | nmol/L–μmol/L | Dissociated cells from the diagonal band of Broca | (92) |
Long-term |
Decrease in PDH activity | Aβ1–42 | nmol/L | Primary septal cultures | (93) |
Decrease in ChAT activity | Aβ1–42, 1–40, 1–28, 25–35 | nmol/L–μmol/L | SN56 cell line and primary septal cultures | (94), (95) |
Decrease in ACh content | Aβ1–42, 1–28, 25–35, 25–28 | pmol/L–nmol/L | SN56 cell line and primary septal cultures | (93), (94), (96) |
Disruption of muscarinic M1-like receptor signalling | Aβ1–40, 25–35 | nmol/L–μmol/L | Primary cortical cultures | (97) |
Induction of tau phosphorylation | Aβ1–42, 1–40, 25–35 | μmol/L | SN56 cell line and primary septal cultures | (95), (98) |
Induction of toxicity | Aβ1–42, 1–40, 25–35 | μmol/L | SN56 cell line, RN46A cell line and primary septal cultures | (95), (98), (99) |