TY - JOUR T1 - Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the human frontal cortex: implications for repetitive TMS treatment of depression JF - Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience JO - JPN SP - 268 LP - 279 VL - 29 IS - 4 AU - Tomáš Paus AU - Jennifer Barrett Y1 - 2004/07/01 UR - http://jpn.ca/content/29/4/268.abstract N2 - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive tool used to manipulate activity in specific neural circuits of the human brain. Clinical studies suggest that, in some patients with major depression, rTMS has the potential to alleviate symptoms that may be related to functional abnormalities in a frontocingulate circuit. This paper reviews the rationale for the use of rTMS in this context. The following topics are discussed: symptoms and cognition in major depression, with special emphasis on the initiation of speech; neuroimaging studies of depression; rTMS as treatment for depression; structure and function of the mid-dorsolateral frontal and anterior cingulate cortices; and combined TMS/positron emission tomography studies of frontocortical connectivity. ER -