%0 Journal Article %A Gerd Wagner %A Kathrin Koch %A Claudia Schachtzabel %A Thomas Sobanski %A Jürgen R. Reichenbach %A Heinrich Sauer %A Ralf G.M. Schlösser %T Differential effects of serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants on brain activity during a cognitive control task and neurofunctional prediction of treatment outcome in patients with depression %D 2010 %R 10.1503/jpn.090081 %J Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience %P 247-257 %V 35 %N 4 %X Background: We investigated the differential effects of serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants on brain activation in patients with major depressive disorder during a Stroop task. We predicted that pretreatment hyperactivity in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex would predict better treatment outcomes.Methods: In total, 20 patients underwent naturalistic open-label clinical treatment with citalopram (n = 12) or reboxetine (n = 8). We performed functional magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment.Results: There were no significant group differences in clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes or baseline fMRI activations. The group by time interaction revealed significant voxels in the right amygdala–hippocampus complex (p < 0.05, family-wise error corrected by use of the bilateral amygdala and hippocampus mask image as a small volume), indicating a posttreatment blood oxygen level–dependent signal decrease in the citalopram group. Pretreatment hyperactivity in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex was not related to symptom improvement.Limitations: Our study was a nonrandomized clinical trial.Conclusion: These results indicate that serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants have a differential effect on brain activity, especially in the amygdala and hippocampus. %U https://www.jpn.ca/content/jpn/35/4/247.full.pdf