Demographic and clinical characteristics of healthy controls and patients with bipolar I disorder
| Characteristic | Healthy controls (n = 57) | Bipolar I disorder (n = 33) | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr, mean ± SD | 39.6 ± 9.6 | 43.3 ± 10.9 | 0.09 |
| Female, % | 63.2 | 57.6 | 0.66 |
| PSQI score, mean ± SD | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 6.0 ± 4.0 | < 0.001 |
| MEQ score, mean ± SD | 56.8 ± 9.5 | 51.0 ± 11.8 | 0.017 |
| GAF score, mean ± SD | 99.5 ± 1.7 | 83.0 ± 10.6 | < 0.001 |
| Qualified for higher education, % | 65.5 | 72.0 | 0.36† |
| Positive family history, %‡ | 0 | 24.2 | |
| Current medication, % | |||
| Lithium | — | 54.6 | — |
| Valproate | — | 9.1 | — |
| Lamotrigine | — | 18.2 | — |
| Olanzapine | — | 9.1 | — |
| Quetiapine | — | 18.2 | — |
| Other atypical antipsychotic | — | 12.1 | — |
| Antidepressant | — | 15.2 | — |