Demographic and clinical characteristics of study groups
| Group; mean ± SD* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Control, n = 19 | ARMS, n = 27 | Statistic | p value |
| Age, yr | 26.5 ± 4.0 | 25.04 ± 5.0 | F1,45 = 0.628 | 0.43 |
| Sex, no. male | 10 | 20 | χ2 = 2.26 | 0.13 |
| No. right-handed | 18 | 27 | χ2 = 1.45 | 0.23 |
| Education, yr | 16.38 ± 2.96 | 13.22 ± 2.3 | F1,45 = 15.00 | < 0.001 |
| IQ | 114 ± 9.8 | 108.13 ± 12.8 | F1,45 = 2.29 | 0.14 |
| BPRS total score | 24.50 ± 1.15 | 35.93 ± 8.46 | F1,45 = 34.50 | < 0.001 |
| APS score | 0 | 7.07 ± 3.11 | F1,45 = 97.5 | < 0.001 |
| SANS total score | 0 | 17.81 ± 15.09 | F1,45 = 26.30 | < 0.001 |
| GAF total score | 88.50 ± 4.44 | 66 ± 15.69 | F1,45 = 37.31 | < 0.001 |
| Antidepressant use, no. | 0 | 11 | χ2 = 10.17 | 0.001 |
| Cannabis use, no. | 3 | 6 | χ2 = 1.78 | 0.18 |
APS = attenuated psychotic-like symptoms; ARMS = at-risk mental state; BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; GAF = Global Assessment of Functioning; SANS = Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms; SD = standard deviation.
↵* Unless otherwise indicated.