Table 3

Regional differences in grey matter volume between patients with LLD and healthy controls in the 2 subgroup meta-analyses*

MaximumCluster
Brain regionsTalairach coordinates, x, y, zSDM valuep valueNo. of voxelsBreakdown (no. of voxels)
Subgroup meta-analysis of studies without comorbidity
LLD < control
 R lentiform nucleus, putamen30, −2, 0−1.551< 0.001105R claustrum (49)
R insula (29)
R parahippocampalgyrus, amygdala (28)
R lentiform nucleus, globus pallidus (19)
R parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus (4)
 R subcallosal gyrus4, 18, −12−1.3360.001102R subcallosal gyrus, BA 25 (26)
R anterior cingulate, BA 24,25,32 (38)
R medial frontal gyrus, BA 11,25 (18)
L anterior cingulate, BA 25,32 (16)
L medial frontal gyrus, BA 11,25 (4)
LLD > control
 R lingual gyrus14, −98, −101.255< 0.001326R lingual gyrus, BA 17,18 (235)
R inferior occipital gyrus, BA 17,18 (20)
R fusiform gyrus, BA 18 (18)
R cuneus, BA 17,18 (25)
R declive (28)
Subgroup meta-analysis of studies with currently depressed patients
LLD < control
 R lentiform nucleus, putamen26, 2, −4−2.411< 0.001388R lentiform nucleus, putamen (161)
R lentiform nucleus, globus pallidus (91)
R parahippocampalgyrus, amygdala (89)
R parahippocampal gyrus, BA 28,34 (22)
R claustrum (25)
 L lentiform nucleus, putamen−24, 8, 2−1.948< 0.001196L lentiform nucleus, putamen (166)
L claustrum (30)
 R medial frontal gyrus2, 50, 0−1.5670.003111R medial frontal gyrus, BA 10 (71)
L medial frontal gyrus, BA 10 (40)
 R subcallosal gyrus4, 20, −12−1.5550.00340R subcallosal gyrus, BA 25 (36)
R medial frontal gyrus, BA 25 (4)
LLD > control
 R lingual gyrus14, −94, −21.459< 0.001228R lingual gyrus, BA 17,18 (169)
R cuneus, BA 17,18 (59)

  • BA = Broadmann area; L = left; LLD = late-life depression; R = right; SDM = signed differential mapping.

  • ↵* Voxel-wise p < 0.005 and full-width at half-maximum 20 mm.