Table 2

Parameter estimation and model fit for “univariate” latent change score models of anxiety symptom severity, affect and communal behaviour

Measure	Social anxiety	Positive affect	Negative affect	Agreeable behaviour	Quarrelsome behaviour
Parameter, B (95% CI)
β^*	−0.56 (−0.68 to −0.44)^‡	−0.49 (−0.80 to −0.11)^§	−0.49 (−0.66 to −0.29)^‡	−0.77 (−1.06 to −0.42)^‡	−0.79 (−1.27 to −0.24)^§
M_int	5.81 (5.62 to 5.99)^‡	2.18 (1.88 to 2.48)^‡	1.33 (1.11 to 1.55)^‡	1.05 (0.78 to 1.33)^‡	−1.44 (−1.69 to −1.20)^‡
s²_int	0.43 (0.38 to 0.90)^¶	0.85 (0.77 to 1.42)^‡	0.52 (0.34 to 0.84)^‡	0.50 (0.19 to 0.99)^¶	0.52 (0.27 to 0.92)^‡
M_slope	2.26 (1.63 to 2.92)^‡	1.50 (0.52 to 2.34)^¶	0.19 (−0.02 to 0.40)	1.42 (0.88 to 1.95)^‡	−1.36 (−2.20 to −0.47)^¶
s²_slope	0.36 (0.32 to 0.63)^‡	0.36 (0.32 to 0.95)^¶	0.08 (0.03 to 0.16)^‡	0.49 (0.44 to 1.04)^‡	0.37 (0.33 to 0.97)^‡
Covariance (int. with slope)	0.08 (−0.06 to 0.25)	0.47 (0.12 to 0.95)^§	0.06 (−0.05 to 0.18)	0.27 (0.03 to 0.63)^§	0.26 (0.03 to 0.62)^§
e^a^†	—	0.23 (0.16 to 0.32)	0.08 (0.06 to 0.11)	0.40 (0.29 to 0.57)	0.22 (0.16 to 0.32)
Model fit
χ²	χ²₄ = 2.49 p = 0.64	χ²₇ = 6.99 p = 0.43	χ²₇ = 14.86 p = 0.04	χ²₇ = 4.74 p = 0.69	χ²₇ = 10.03 p = 0.19
CFI	1.01	1.00	0.90	1.05	0.95
RMSEA (95% CI)	0 (0 to 0.20)	0 (0 to 0.20)	0.15 (0 to 0.28)	0 (0 to 0.16)	0.09 (0 to 0.23)

CFI = comparative fit index; CI = confidence interval; Covariance (int. with slope) = covariance of the mean intercept (baseline severity) with the mean slope describing the average linear change over time; e^a = error variances; M_int = the mean intercept (baseline severity); M_slope = the mean slope describing linear change over time; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; s²_int = between-person variance of the intercept; s²_slope = between-person variance of the slope describing linear change over time.
↵* Similar to multilevel models or latent growth curve models in other structural equation modeing approaches, β represents the regression of change over each month on prior level.
↵† Significance tests were not conducted for error variances; see Data Analysis for information on the time invariance of anxiety symptom severity.
↵‡ p < 0.001.
↵§ p < 0.05.
↵¶ p < 0.01.