Table 3

Meta-analyses per brain region in depression comorbid with anxiety

				n			Meta-analysis results

Region	Analysis	Studies, n	k	Total	Control	Depression	Mean volume difference ± SE (95% CI), mL	p value	τ²	Q p	I², %
Total brain	DEP	4	6	458	214	244	−1.866 ± 10.281 (−22.015 to 18.284)	0.86	0.000	0.85	0.00
Grey matter	DEP	5	6	742	375	367	3.559 ± 3.513 (−3.327 to 10.445)	0.31	0.000	0.15	0.00
Intracranial	DEP	9	16	654	270	384	−4.747 ± 9.293 (−22.961 to 13.467)	0.61	411.763	0.040^*	38.08
	DEP-Mix	5	5	325	167	158	4.848 ± 12.412 (−19.479 to 29.175)	0.70	206.245	0.18	25.43
Total hippocampus	DEP	10	21	1049	417	632	0.105 ± 0.081 (−0.054 to 0.264)	0.20	0.104	< 0.001^*	90.13^*
	DEP-Mix	4	4	228	113	115	0.302 ± 0.207 (−0.104 to 0.708)	0.15	0.154	< 0.001^*	91.54^*
Right hippocampus	DEP	9	20	1006	399	607	0.057 ± 0.043 (−0.027 to 0.140)	0.18	0.023	< 0.001^*	81.49^*
	DEP-Mix	4	4	228	113	115	0.173 ± 0.108 (−0.038 to 0.384)	0.11	0.037	< 0.001^*	83.69^*
Left hippocampus	DEP	9	20	1006	399	607	0.073 ± 0.044 (−0.013 to 0.159)	0.10	0.026	< 0.001^*	83.45^*
	DEP-Mix	4	4	228	113	115	0.111 ± 0.107 (−0.098 to 0.320)	0.30	0.037	< 0.001^*	83.78^*
Total amygdala	DEP	4	11	366	113	253	−0.066 ± 0.026 (−0.116 to −0.016)	0.010^*	0.000	0.25	0.05
Right amygdala	DEP	4	11	366	113	253	−0.013 ± 0.018 (−0.047 to 0.022)	0.48	0.000	0.69	0.09
Left amygdala	DEP	4	11	366	113	253	−0.062 ± 0.019 (−0.099 to −0.025)	< 0.001^*	0.000	0.61	0.00
Total putamen	DEP	4	11	836	341	495	0.100 ± 0.115 (−0.125 to 0.325)	0.38	0.075	0.002^*	63.52^*
Total caudate	DEP	4	11	836	341	495	−0.059 ± 0.089 (−0.233 to 0.115)	0.51	0.046	0.002^*	62.56^*
Total pallidum	DEP	4	11	836	341	495	0.039 ± 0.040 (−0.039 to 0.116)	0.33	0.013	< 0.001^*	78.85^*

CI = confidence interval; DEP = depression; I² = proportion real differences between studies; k = number of samples or subsamples; Mix = mixed group; Q p = Q statistic p value; SE = standard error; τ² = variance of true effects.
* Significance at p ≤ 0.05 and I² > 50%.