Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | Group; mean ± SD or no. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| OCD, n = 73 | Control, n = 84 | |
| Mean age, yr | 34.18 ± 9.25 | 33.68 ± 9.77 |
| Mean age at OCD onset, yr | 21.70 ± 7.50 | — |
| Mean duration of education, yr | 12.4 ± 3.05 | 12.2 ± 3.1 |
| Male sex | 35 (47.9) | 41 (48.8) |
| Comorbidity | ||
| Affective disorders | 12 (16.4) | — |
| Major depressive disorder | 5 (6.8) | — |
| Dysthymia | 4 (5.5) | — |
| Depressive disorder NOS | 3 (4.1) | — |
| Anxiety disorders | 9 (12.3) | — |
| Social phobia | 4 (5.5) | — |
| Panic disorder | 3 (4.1) | — |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 2 (2.7) | — |
| Tic disorders | 7 (9.6) | — |
| Baseline HAMD score | 8.99 ± 3.72 | — |
| HAMD score after | 7.22 ± 3.73 | — |
| Baseline YBOCS score | 22.12 ± 5.08 | — |
| YBOCS after CBT | 15.37 ± 6.70 | — |
| Pharmacological treatment† | 73 (100) | — |
| Fluoxetine, 60–80 mg/d | 36 (49.3) | — |
| Fluvoxamine, 200–300 mg/d | 16 (21.9) | — |
| Escitalopram, 20–40 mg/d | 10 (13.7) | — |
| Clomipramine, 225–300 mg/d | 11 (15.1) | — |
| Hypnotic benzodiazepines | 24 (32.9) | — |
CBT = cognitive behavioural therapy; HAMD = Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; NOS = not otherwise specified; OCD = obsessive–compulsive disorder; SD = standard deviation; YBOCS = Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.
* Unless indicated otherwise.
↵† At least 12 weeks at this dose was required before scanning and initiating CBT.
Medication was kept at a stable dose throughout the study.