Demographics and clinical characteristics of study participants (n = 180)
| Group; % or mean ± SD | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Adult ADHD* (n = 87) | Control (n = 93) | p value |
| Male sex | 31.0 | 29.0 | — |
| Diffusion protocol 1 | 71.3 | 83.8 | — |
| Age, yr | 32.9 ± 9.5 | 35.1 ± 11.7 | 0.18 |
| Estimated intelligence† | 109.4 ± 15.9 | 107.8 ± 14.9 | 0.47 |
| Hyp/imp symptoms‡ | 5.54 ± 2.4 | 0.95 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 |
| Inattention symptoms§ | 6.5 ± 2.0 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | < 0.001 |
| Comorbid disorders¶ | 1.31 ± 1.3 | 0.28 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 |
ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; hyp/imp = hyperactivity/impulsivity; SD = standard deviation.
↵* Diagnosis was based on the structured Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults.
↵† Estimated intelligence was based on the Block-design and Vocabulary subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.
↵‡ Self-reported number of hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, as measured with the ADHD-DSM-IV rating scale.
↵§ Self-reported number of inattention symptoms, as measured with the ADHD-DSM-IV rating scale.
↵¶ Number of comorbid disorders, such as major depressive disorder, based on the Structured Clinical Interview.