Demographic and clinical characteristics of the final study sample
| Characteristic | Group; mean ± SD* | p value† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC-FH+ (n = 25) | HC-FH− (n = 25) | MDD-FH+ (n = 25) | MDD-FH− (n = 25) | ||
| Age | 37.12 ± 12.95 | 37.16 ± 12.54 | 37.20 ± 12.83 | 37.60 ± 12.86 | > 0.99 |
| Sex, male:female | 10:15 | 10:15 | 11:14 | 10:15 | 0.99 |
| HAMD score | 5.32 ± 5.06 | 2.16 ± 1.86 | 26.12 ± 8.35 | 27.32 ± 9.38 | < 0.001 |
| BDI score | 1.08 ± 1.66 | 1.04 ± 1.23 | 23.20 ± 4.12 | 23.72 ± 4.73 | < 0.001 |
| CTQ total score | 35.84 ± 9.02 | 32.44 ± 6.98 | 48.33 ± 17.66 | 47.56 ± 15.96 | < 0.001 |
| No. of depressive episodes | NA | NA | 5.72 ± 5.46 | 3.44 ± 4.13 | 0.10 |
| Total duration of inpatient treatment, wk | NA | NA | 14.52 ± 18.53 | 7.12 ± 10.12 | 0.09 |
| Medication type, no. | |||||
| SNRIs | NA | NA | 8 | 9 | 0.77 |
| SSRIs | NA | NA | 7 | 8 | 0.76 |
| NaSSAs | NA | NA | 4 | 7 | 0.31 |
| Tricyclic antidepressants | NA | NA | 1 | 0 | 0.31 |
| Melatonergic antidepressants | NA | NA | 3 | 2 | 0.64 |
| NRIs | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 0.31 |
| Antipsychotics | NA | NA | 12 | 10 | 0.57 |
BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; CTQ = Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; HAMD = Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; HC-FH+ = healthy first-degree relatives of acutely depressed patients with MDD; HC-FC− = healthy age- and sex-matched controls without any family history of depression; MDD-FH+ = acutely depressed patients with major depressive disorder with a family hisory of depression; MDD-FH− = acutely depressed patients without a family history of depression; NA = not applicable; NaSSA = noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants; NRI = norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SD = standard deviation; SNRI = serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.
↵* Unless indicated otherwise.
↵† Group differences measured with analysis of variance or χ2 tests.