Table 2

Voxel-based morphometric differences between patients with borderline personality disorder and healthy controls in whole brain analysis

	MNI peak voxel

Contrast; location of peak voxels^*	x	y	z	t	p value^†	z	Cluster size, k
Controls > BPD
Left hippocampus	−26	−30	−4	6.67	0.001	5.75	59
Vermis 10	2	−42	−40	6.34	0.002	5.52	25
Left inferior parietal gyrus	−30	−82	44	6.1	0.005	5.36	24
Left middle temporal gyrus	−58	−72	0	5.5	0.036	4.93	32
Right hippocampus	28	−30	−2	4.93	0.20	4.5	17
Left superior parietal gyrus	−26	−72	54	4.91	0.21	4.48	19
Left middle temporal gyrus	−70	−38	−2	4.91	0.21	4.48	46
Left precentral gyrus	−36	−20	60	4.84	0.26	4.43	20
Left paracentral lobe	−22	−26	74	4.75	0.32	4.36	58
Right superior frontal gyrus	28	−10	70	4.74	0.33	4.35	10
Left middle occipital gyrus	−22	−98	10	4.74	0.33	4.35	42
Inferior triangular frontal part	48	26	6	4.64	0.42	4.27	12
—	−2	−6	18	4.62	0.44	4.25	25
Left medial superior frontal gyrus	−8	70	16	4.28	0.78	3.98	18
Right postcentral gyrus	26	−34	66	4.17	0.87	3.89	22
Right middle temporal gyrus	46	−50	12	4.11	0.91	3.85	12
Right paracentral lobe	10	−40	64	4.10	0.92	3.83	43
Right inferior occipital gyrus	34	−96	−2	4.06	0.94	3.8	23
Right caudate	6	18	6	4.02	0.96	3.76	10
Left inferior temporal gyrus	−64	−56	−14	3.97	0.97	3.73	11
Left middle temporal gyrus	−60	−44	−12	3.95	0.98	3.71	32
Left middle temporal pole	−22	12	−38	3.89	0.99	3.66	18
Left postcentral lobe	−58	−8	44	3.87	0.99	3.64	16
Right medial orbitofrontal gyrus	14	46	−4	3.82	> 0.99	3.6	10
—	−50	−80	−12	3.73	> 0.99	3.52	10
BPD > controls
Left putamen	−32	−22	0	6.21	0.003	5.44	86
Right Heschl	42	−26	4	5.87	0.011	5.2	27
Right putamen right	32	−12	2	5.69	0.019	5.07	111
Left supplementary motor area	2	−6	50	5.30	0.07	4.78	21
Left cerebellum 7	−20	−70	−42	5.13	0.11	4.65	15
Right middle frontal gyrus	34	24	46	5.09	0.13	4.62	12
Left superior temporal gyrus	−40	−28	2	5.08	0.13	4.61	11
Right middle cingulum	8	6	34	4.71	0.36	4.32	14
Left superior occipital gyrus	−22	−80	32	4.18	0.87	3.9	41
Left cerebellum 6	−22	−50	−32	4.15	0.89	3.87	20
—	16	−50	−30	3.88	0.99	3.65	10
—	−6	−50	−24	3.86	> 0.99	3.64	10
—	4	−36	−42	3.85	> 0.99	3.62	70
Left cerebellum	−30	−66	−20	3.80	> 0.99	3.58	38
Vermis 6/Vermis 4/5	4	−66	−10	3.66	> 0.99	3.47	18

BPD = borderline personality disorder; MNI = Montreal Neurological Institute.
↵* According to Automated Anatomic Labelling atlas.
↵† p < 0.05, family-wise error–corrected in bold; all others p < 0.05, uncorrected.