Table 1

Clinical and demographic characteristics of schizophrenia patients and health controls

CharacteristicGroup; mean (SD)*
Healthy controls, n = 14Schizophrenia patients, n = 14
Age, yr, mean (SD) [range]34.6 (6) [23–48]37.3 (8.9) [22–56]
Sex, male:female9:59:5
Education level, yr14.2 (2.1)12.2 (4.2)
Parents’ education level, yr12.2 (3.3)13.1 (4.4)
Duration of illness, yr14.0 (6.7)
Total PANSS score60.7 (12.0)
 Negative factor13.1 (5.5)
 Positive factor24.7 (8.4)
 Excitation factor8.4 (2.5)
 Cognitive factor7.9 (3.3)
 Depression factor6.5 (2.7)
  • PANSS = Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; (22) SD = standard deviation.

  • * Unless otherwise indicated.