Participant characteristics
| Characteristic | People without maltreatment* (n = 265) | People with maltreatment* (n = 181) | Total sample* (n = 446) | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age | 35.51 ± 12.56 | 35.67 ± 13.08 | 35.57 ± 12.76 | 0.90 |
| % Female | 58.9 | 63.5 | 60.8 | 0.32‡ |
| IQ | 115.95 ± 14.15 | 114.10 ± 13.53 | 115.20 ± 13.92 | 0.17 |
| Beck Depression Inventory score | 4.35 ± 4.15 | 5.06 ± 4.82 | 4.64 ± 4.44 | 0.10 |
| Social support scale score | 4.43 ± 0.50 | 4.37 ± 0.63 | 4.40 ± 0.56 | 0.24 |
| Childhood Trauma Questionnaire | ||||
| Total score | 29.49 ± 3.49 (25, 40) | 41.28 ± 10.17 (28, 77) | 34.29 ± 9.10 (25, 77) | < 0.001 |
| Emotional abuse score | 6.13 ± 1.21 (5, 9) | 9.51 ± 4.01 (5, 24) | 7.51 ± 3.19 (5, 24) | < 0.001 |
| Physical abuse score | 5.23 ± 0.55 (5, 7) | 6.45 ± 2.48 (5, 18) | 5.73 ± 1.74 (5, 18) | < 0.001 |
| Sexual abuse score | 5.01 ± 0.14 (5, 7) | 5.69 ± 2.03 (5, 20) | 5.29 ± 1.34 (5, 20) | < 0.001 |
| Emotional neglect score | 7.64 ± 2.29 (5, 14) | 11.34 ± 4.57 (5, 25) | 9.15 ± 3.86 (5, 25) | < 0.001 |
| Physical neglect score | 5.47 ± 0.70 (5, 7) | 8.29 ± 2.10 (5, 16) | 6.61 ± 2.00 (5, 16) | < 0.001 |
ANOVA = analysis of variance.
↵* Unless otherwise indicated, values are mean ± standard deviation (minimum, maximum) of the sample. In people without maltreatment, no Childhood Trauma Questionnaire subscale was above the cut-off; in people with maltreatment, at least 1 subscale was above the cut-off.
↵† Unless otherwise indicated, p values were derived from univariate ANOVA (uncorrected), not adjusted.
↵‡ p value derived from a χ2 test (uncorrected).