Table 2

Differences in voxel-based morphometry between patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and healthy controls — results of the meta-analysis

Local maximumClusterEgger test (p value)Jackknife sensitivityHeterogeneity
RegionPeak MNI coordinates, x, y, zSDM
Z value		p valueNo. of voxelsBreakdown (no. of voxels)
Schizophrenia v. healthy controls
 Schizophrenia < healthy controls
  Right temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus48, 0, −8−8.031< 0.0019525Right insula, BAs 38, 47, 48 (1375)
Right lenticular nucleus, putamen, BAs 0, 21, 34, 38, 48 (51)
Right middle temporal gyrus, BAs 20, 21, 22 (411)
Right inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part, BAs 6, 38, 44, 45, 48 (432)
Right inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part, BAs 45, 47, 48 (269)
Right Heschl gyrus, BA 48 (147)
Right inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part, BAs 38, 47 (240)
Right amygdala, BAs 28, 34, 36 (137)
Right striatum (65)
Right postcentral gyrus, BA 43, 48 (4)
Right precentral gyrus, BA 6 (29)
Right parahippocampal gyrus, BA 28 (27)
Right supramarginal gyrus, BA 8 (24)		141/141N
  Left inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part, BA 48−50, 10, 4−8.289< 0.0017862Left temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus, BAs 21, 22, 28, 34, 38, 41, 42, 48 (1781)
Left insula, BAs 38, 47, 48 (1337)
Left middle temporal gyrus, BAs 21, 22, 48 (450)
Left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part, BAs 38, 47 (410)
Left inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part, BAs 6, 44, 48 (356)
Left inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part, BAs 45, 47, 48 (388)
Left Heschl gyrus, BA 48 (164)
Left lenticular part, putamen, BA 48 (164)
Left postcentral gyrus, BA 48 (141)
Left amygdala, BAs 28, 34, 36 (134)
Left supramarginal gyrus, BAs 42, 48 (69)
Left parahippocampal gyrus, BA 28
Left precentral gyrus, BA 6		141/141N
  Left anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BA 322, 40, 22−5.994< 0.0016586Left superior frontal gyrus, medial, BAs 8, 9, 10, 11, 32 (2321)
Right anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BAs 10, 11, 24, 32 (593)
Right superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital, BAs 10, 11 (427)
Left median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BAs 23, 24, 32 (433)
Right median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BAs 23, 24, 32 (50)
Right gyrus rectus, BA 11 (90)		141/141N
  Right thalamus2, −18, 0−4.446< 0.001290Right thalamus (67)
Left thalamus (52)		141/141N
  Left cerebellum, crus II−26, −72, −42−3.3420.00353Left cerebellum, crus II (40)
Left cerebellum, hemispheric lobule VIIB (13)		141/141N
Bipolar disorder v. healthy controls
 Bipolar disorder < healthy controls
  Right anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BA 244, 32, 12−4.354< 0.0013332Right anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BAs 10, 11, 24, 32 (647)
Left anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BAs 10, 11, 24, 25, 32 (922)
Left superior frontal gyrus, medial, BAs 8, 9, 10, 32 (705)
Right superior frontal gyrus, medial, BAs 9, 10, 32 (232)
Right median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BAs 24, 32 (156)
Left median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BA 24 (100)
Left superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital, BAs 10, 11 (149)
Right superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital, BAs 10, 11 (104)
Right median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, BA 32 (55)		0.03476/76N
  Right insula, BA 3844, 16, −8−4.085< 0.0011978Right insula, BAs 38, 47, 48 (542)
Right temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus, BAs 21, 38, 48 (343)
Right inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part, BAs 38, 45, 48 (134)
Right inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part, BAs 38, 47 (202)
Right superior temporal gyrus, BAs 21, 22, 38, 48 (226)
Right inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part, BAs 45, 47 (75)
Right middle temporal gyrus, BA 21 (45)
Right temporal pole, middle temporal gyrus, BA 21 (20)
Right Heschl gyrus, BA 48 (14)		0.4676/76N
  Left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part−42, 16, −10−3.648< 0.0012044Left insula, BAs 38, 47, 48 (540)
Left temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus, BAs 21, 38, 48 (440)
Left superior temporal gyrus, BAs 38, 48 (218)
Left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part, BAs 38, 47 (227)
Left inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part, BA 48 (85)
Left inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part, BAs 45, 47, 48 (102)
Left Heschl gyrus, BA 48 (26)		0.0676/76Y
  Right thalamus2, −6, 8−2.969< 0.001350Right thalamus (51)
Left thalamus (28)		0.4476/76N
  Right fusiform gyrus, BA 3024, −32, −16−2.668< 0.001271Right fusiform gyrus, BAs 30, 37 (103)
Right parahippocampal gyrus, BA 30 (55)
Right cerebellum, hemispheric lobule IV/V, BA 30 (20)		0.4576/76N

  • BA = Brodmann area; MNI = Montreal Neurological Institute; SDM = seed-based d-mapping.