Participant demographics and clinical characteristics*
| Characteristic | Patients with first-episode MDD n = 76 | Healthy controls n = 66 | Statistical test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| t or χ2 | p value | |||
| Sex, male/female | 33/43 | 32/34 | χ2 = 0.36 | 0.55 |
| Age, yr | 26.38 ± 9.213 | 24.47 ± 6.73 | t = 1.42 | 0.16 |
| Education, yr | 13.95 ± 2.81 | 13.61 ± 3.97 | t = 0.57 | 0.57 |
| Duration of illness, mo | 11.36 ± 17.61 | – | – | – |
| HAM-D-17 score | 19.63 ± 5.93 | – | – | – |
| HAM-A score | 17.43 ± 7.07 | – | – | – |
| BPRS score | 34.20 ± 7.64 | – | – | – |
| CTQ score (range)† | 49.97 ± 12.89 (25–74) | 36.95 ± 9.68 (25–67) | t = 4.89 | < 0.001 |
BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; CTQ = Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; HAM-A = Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; HAM-D-17 = 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; MDD = major depressive disorder.
+ Values are mean ± standard deviation, except for sex.
↵† Missing CTQ data: 15 of 76 patients with first-episode MDD and 2 of 66 healthy controls had missing CTQ records.