Table 3

Summary of mediation analysis

Model^*	Total effect (p value)	Direct effect (p value)	Indirect effect	95% CI	t	Conclusion
LDLPFC GABA+ → LDLPFC Glu → BDI	−142.30 (0.05)	−140.46 (0.06)	−1.84	−16.32 to 68.06	−1.94	No mediation
LDLPFC GABA+ → LDLPFC Glu → BDI^†	−52.99 (0.71)	−68.20 (0.66)	15.20	−77.80 to 160.62	−0.46	No mediation

BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; CI = confidence interval, Cr = creatine; GABA = γ-aminobutyric acid; Glu = glutamate; LDLPFC = left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; PCr = phosphocreatine.
↵* GABA+ and Glu are referenced to Cr+PCr.
↵† Participants with major depressive disorder only.