Elsevier

Biological Psychiatry

Volume 20, Issue 12, December 1985, Pages 1284-1296
Biological Psychiatry

Neurophysiologic studies of sensory gating in schizophrenia: Comparison of auditory and visual responses

https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(85)90113-1Get rights and content

Abstract

Gating of visual and auditory evoked responses was assessed in chronic schizophrenic patients treated with neurolepti cdrugs. Middle latency components of the visual evoked response (N90-P130) were recorded at the occiput after flash stimulus. Possible inhibitory mechanisms of sensory gating were assessed in a conditioning-testing paradigm by measuring the change in amplitude of response to a second stimulus, relative to the response to the first stimulus. Simultaneous electrooculograms were recorded to detect contamination of recordings by eye movement. Neither schizophrenic patients nor normal control subjects demonstrated significant suppression of visual evoked responses in the conditioning-testing paradigm. These results differed markedly from similar measurements of a middle latency component of the auditory evoked response (P50) recorded using the same conditioning-testing paradigm in these subjects. Normal controls showed significant decrements of the P50 response to the second auditory stimulus (mean decrement over 80%), whereas schizophrenic patients failed to show a significant decrement (mean less than 40%). This finding for auditory evoked responses replicated previous studies of normal and schizophrenic subjects. Multiple conditioning stimuli were substituted for the single conditioning stimulus used previously in an attempt to enhance gating of auditory responses, but suppression of the P50 test response did not increase in either normals or schizophrenics.

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      In addition, studies with overlapping samples were excluded from further analysis, furthermore only first estimation was included from the studies that had repeated estimations of P50 sensory gating in a group. 115 articles (Adler et al., 2005; Adler et al., 1990a; Adler et al., 2004; Adler et al., 1982; Adler et al., 1985; Adler et al., 1990b; Arango et al., 2003; Arnfred et al., 2003; Arnfred et al., 2004; Bak et al., 2014; Baker et al., 1987; Becker et al., 2004; Becker et al., 2011; Boutros et al., 1999; Boutros et al., 2009; Boutros et al., 2004; Boutros et al., 1991; Braff et al., 2007; Brenner et al., 2009; Brockhaus-Dumke et al., 2008a; Brockhaus-Dumke et al., 2008b; Brunstein et al., 2005; Buchanan et al., 2003; Cabranes et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2011; Clementz and Blumenfeld, 2001; Clementz et al., 1997a; Clementz et al., 1997b, 1998a, b; Cullum et al., 1993; Dalecki et al., 2016; de Wilde et al., 2007a; Demily et al., 2016; Devrim-Ucok et al., 2008; Domjan et al., 2012; During et al., 2014; El-Kaim et al., 2015; Franks et al., 1983; Freedman et al., 1987; Fresan et al., 2007; Ghisolfi et al., 2006; Ghisolfi et al., 2004; Ghisolfi et al., 2002; Gjini et al., 2010; Gjini et al., 2011; Griffith and Freedman, 1995; Griffith et al., 1998; Griffith et al., 1993; Hall et al., 2015; Hall et al., 2014; Hong et al., 2008a; Hong et al., 2004; Hong et al., 2007; Hong et al., 2009; Hsieh et al., 2004; Jin et al., 1998; Johannesen et al., 2005; Johannesen et al., 2013; Judd et al., 1992; Kathmann and Engel, 1990; Keri et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2018; Kisley and Cornwell, 2006; Koike et al., 2005; Light et al., 2000; Louchart-de la Chapelle et al., 2005a; Louchart-de la Chapelle et al., 2005b; Lu et al., 2007; Martin et al., 2007a; Mazhari et al., 2011; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2015a; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2012; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2015b; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2014; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2015c; Moran et al., 2012; Myles-Worsley, 2002; Nagamoto et al., 1996; Nagamoto et al., 1999; Nagamoto et al., 1989; Nagamoto et al., 1991; Neuhaus et al., 2014; Olincy et al., 2010; Olincy and Martin, 2005; Olincy et al., 2000; Oranje and Glenthoj, 2014; Patterson et al., 2009; Price et al., 2006; Rentzsch et al., 2007; Ringel et al., 2004; Sanchez-Morla et al., 2008; Sanchez-Morla et al., 2013; Sanchez-Morla et al., 2009; Santos et al., 2010; Shan et al., 2013; Siegel et al., 1984; Smith et al., 2010; Smith et al., 2013; Smucny et al., 2013; Song et al., 2014; Storozheva et al., 2016; Thoma et al., 2003; Thoma et al., 2008; Toyomaki et al., 2015; Turetsky et al., 2009; Vinogradov et al., 1996; Waldo et al., 1992; Waldo et al., 1988; Waldo et al., 1994; Waldo et al., 2010; Waters et al., 2009; Williams et al., 2011; Wonodi et al., 2014; Yee et al., 1998; Yee et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2012) were included in schizophrenia, 16 studies (Adler et al., 1990a; Ancin et al., 2011; Cabranes et al., 2013; Carroll et al., 2008; Domjan et al., 2012; Franks et al., 1983; Hall et al., 2015; Hall et al., 2014; Hall et al., 2008; Johannesen et al., 2013; Lijffijt et al., 2009; Martin et al., 2007a; Olincy and Martin, 2005; Patterson et al., 2009; Sanchez-Morla et al., 2008; Schulze et al., 2007) were included in bipolar disorder, 10 study groups (in 9 studies) in first-degree relatives (Clementz et al., 1998b; de Wilde et al., 2007a; Hall et al., 2008; Hong et al., 2008b; Louchart-de la Chapelle et al., 2005b; Myles-Worsley, 2002; Olincy et al., 2010; Schulze et al., 2007; Siegel et al., 1984) and 110 studies included healthy controls (Adler et al., 1990a; Adler et al., 2004; Adler et al., 1982; Adler et al., 1985; Adler et al., 1990b; Arnfred et al., 2003; Arnfred et al., 2004; Bak et al., 2014; Baker et al., 1987; Becker et al., 2004; Becker et al., 2011; Boutros et al., 1999; Boutros et al., 2009; Boutros et al., 2004; Braff et al., 2007; Brenner et al., 2009; Brockhaus-Dumke et al., 2008a; Brockhaus-Dumke et al., 2008b; Cabranes et al., 2013; Carroll et al., 2008; Chen et al., 2011; Clementz and Blumenfeld, 2001; Clementz et al., 1997a; Clementz et al., 1997b, 1998a, b; Cullum et al., 1993; Dalecki et al., 2016; de Wilde et al., 2007a; Demily et al., 2016; Devrim-Ucok et al., 2008; Domjan et al., 2012; During et al., 2014; El-Kaim et al., 2015; Franks et al., 1983; Freedman et al., 1987; Fresan et al., 2007; Ghisolfi et al., 2006; Ghisolfi et al., 2004; Ghisolfi et al., 2002; Gjini et al., 2010; Gjini et al., 2011; Griffith and Freedman, 1995; Griffith et al., 1993; Hall et al., 2015; Hall et al., 2014; Hall et al., 2008; Hong et al., 2004; Hong et al., 2008b; Hong et al., 2007; Hong et al., 2009; Hsieh et al., 2004; Hsieh et al., 2012; Jin et al., 1998; Johannesen et al., 2005; Johannesen et al., 2013; Judd et al., 1992; Kathmann and Engel, 1990; Keri et al., 2010; Kisley and Cornwell, 2006; Koike et al., 2005; Lijffijt et al., 2009; Louchart-de la Chapelle et al., 2005a; Louchart-de la Chapelle et al., 2005b; Lu et al., 2007; Martin et al., 2007a; Mazhari et al., 2011; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2015a; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2012; Micoulaud-Franchi et al., 2014; Moran et al., 2012; Myles-Worsley, 2002; Nagamoto et al., 1989; Nagamoto et al., 1991; Neuhaus et al., 2014; Olincy et al., 2010; Olincy and Martin, 2005; Olincy et al., 2000; Oranje and Glenthoj, 2014; Price et al., 2006; Rentzsch et al., 2007; Ringel et al., 2004; Sanchez-Morla et al., 2008; Sanchez-Morla et al., 2013; Sanchez-Morla et al., 2009; Santos et al., 2010; Schulze et al., 2007; Shan et al., 2013; Siegel et al., 1984; Smith et al., 2010; Smith et al., 2013; Smucny et al., 2013; Song et al., 2014; Storozheva et al., 2016; Thoma et al., 2003; Thoma et al., 2008; Turetsky et al., 2009; Waldo et al., 1992; Waldo et al., 1988; Waldo et al., 1994; Waters et al., 2009; Williams et al., 2011; Wonodi et al., 2014; Yee et al., 1998; Yee et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2012). 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    Supported by USPHS Grants MH-38321 and RR-00051.

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