Original articleLong-term food restriction down-regulates the density of serotonin transporters in the rat frontal cortex
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2015, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral ReviewsCitation Excerpt :Since body weight declined by nearly 20%, we suggest that muscle metabolism during starvation helps maintain serotonin transmission. To help maintain extracellular serotonin levels, the starving brain also appears to downregulate the density of the serotonin transporter (Huether et al., 1997). Infection also triggers depressive symptoms (Dantzer, 2001; Hart, 1988).
Dysregulation of brain reward systems in eating disorders: Neurochemical information from animal models of binge eating, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa
2012, NeuropharmacologyCitation Excerpt :When they return to a normal body weight and feeding regimen, rats with a history of restriction and refeeding continue to exhibit binge-eating behavior, even when sated. Food restriction has also been linked with decreased levels of 5-HT driven by a low rate of synthesis (Haleem and Haider, 1996) as well as down-regulates the density of 5-HT transporters (Huether et al., 1997), leading to the clinical use of fluoxetine (Prozac), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), for the treatment of bulimia (Wong et al., 2005). The restriction–refeeding model also highlights the role that stress can play in perpetuating a binge in humans (Lattimore, 2001); when laboratory animals are stressed with a footshock (Hagan et al., 2002) or confinement (Inoue et al., 2006), they become hyperphagic.
Exposure to maternal consumption of cafeteria diet during the lactation period programmes feeding behaviour in the rat
2011, International Journal of Developmental NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :As 5-HT metabolism is reduced by 42% (males and 44% (females) in the present study, it is more likely, that tonic release rather than stimulated release would be affected. However, the situation might be further complicated by the fact that 5-HT transporters are also subject to nutritional regulation (Huether et al., 1997; Zhou et al., 1996) and a programming effect on SERT cannot be excluded at this stage. The hypothalamic serotonergic system is a known target for programming by maternal protein restriction (Lopes de Souza et al., 2008).
Intracranial self-stimulation as a positive reinforcer to study impulsivity in a probability discounting paradigm
2011, Journal of Neuroscience MethodsCitation Excerpt :First, internal factors, such as hunger or thirst, can themselves lead to a change in impulsive behavior in animals (Minamimoto et al., 2009; Schuck-Paim et al., 2004). Second, chronic food restriction can lead to adaptations in dopaminergic (Carlson et al., 1988; Carr et al., 2003, 2009; Collins et al., 2008) and serotonergic signaling (Haleem and Haider, 1996; Huether et al., 1997; Kohsaka et al., 1980). These neurotransmitters also play a role in impulsivity (Adriani et al., 2009; Mehlman et al., 1994; Mobini et al., 2000; Soubrié, 1986; Winstanley et al., 2005).
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This work was supported by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Hu 351/9-1, and Eli Lilly Int. Fdn.