ReviewA Systematic Review of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies in Affective Disorders
Section snippets
Methods and Materials
Online searches of the databases EMBASE and MEDLINE from 1996 were performed in April 2009, using the keywords ([“diffusion tensor”] and [“affective” or “bipolar” or “depress*”]). Reference lists of included studies were then searched for additional studies. Studies were included if they used DTI, with a minimum of six directions, to compare subjects with an affective disorder with healthy control subjects and were published in English as a journal article. Comparisons between additional
Literature Search
One hundred twenty citations were retrieved from EMBASE and MEDLINE, of which 27 met the inclusion criteria (Figure 1). Key details of the subjects and methods for each of the studies that met the inclusion criteria are outlined in Table 1.
Degree of Anisotropy
Twenty-seven studies compared the degree of anisotropy between subjects with affective disorders and control subjects, and their results are summarized in Table 2 (local analysis—ROI and tractography studies) and Table 3 (global analysis—VBA and TBSS
Summary
Overall, DTI studies consistently identified a reduction in anisotropy in subjects with affective disorders compared with control subjects (Table 2, Table 3). Reductions in anisotropy were largely localized to the frontal and temporal lobes or white matter tracts and detected in both hemispheres.
A large pooled effect size was detected in superior frontal white matter, which contains fibers of the DLPFC and ACC circuits (2, 3). Thus, findings support the theory that white matter abnormalities
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