Archival ReportRegional Gray Matter Volume in Monozygotic Twins Concordant and Discordant for Schizophrenia
Section snippets
Subjects
Magnetic resonance images of 80 twins were obtained: 14 MZ pairs concordant for schizophrenia, 9 pairs discordant for schizophrenia, and 17 healthy MZ twin pairs. The recruitment strategy has been described in detail before (22), but in brief subjects were referred from across the United Kingdom by their treating clinician. Control twins were recruited from the IoP Volunteer Twin Register and by national media advertisements. All the control subjects were recruited from the community; none were
Demographic and Clinical Variables
There were no significant effects of group on age (p = .71), gender (p = .81), height (.67), age at diagnosis (p = .15), handedness (p = .83), parental socioeconomic status (p = .95), or years of education (p = .1) (Table 1). As expected, twins with schizophrenia (both concordant and discordant) had more severe psychopathology than nonpsychotic cotwins and healthy control twins (p = .0001) (Table 1). Compared with concordant and control twins, discordant twins (psychotic and nonpsychotic)
Discussion
In the present study, we sought to discriminate between the GMV correlates of the genetic risk for schizophrenia and the GMV correlates of the disorder itself in MZ twin pairs who varied in their concordance for schizophrenia. We extended the findings of our own previous MRI studies in twins with schizophrenia (8, 10, 15) by using VBM, a technique that permits analysis of the entire brain at the single-voxel level. This was also the first study to use a whole brain VBM approach to investigate
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Associations Between Brain Structural Alterations, Executive Dysfunction, and General Psychopathology in a Healthy and Cross-Diagnostic Adult Patient Sample
2022, Biological Psychiatry Global Open ScienceThe Effect of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations on the Relationship between Spontaneous Brain Activity and intraventricular Brain Temperature in Patients with Drug-Naïve Schizophrenia
2020, Neuroscience LettersCitation Excerpt :These findings indicate that the lingual gyrus in schizophrenia may be a locus of dysfunction that is related to AVH. Additionally, many previous studies also found structural alterations in the lingual cortex in schizophrenia ([34,35]). Hence, our findings of the significant negative correlation between iBT and SBA in bilateral lingual cortex in the AVH group may be a marker of impaired structure and function in this region.
Classification of multi-site MR images in the presence of heterogeneity using multi-task learning
2018, NeuroImage: ClinicalCitation Excerpt :However cerebellar findings should be interpreted cautiously, since segmentation between GM and WM in that region is difficult and prone to errors, due to poor contrast at this imaging resolution. Finally, other brain sites showing volume abnormalities in our study, including the precuneus and lateral parietal cortical regions, fusiform, lingual and middle occipital gyri, have been variably implicated in previous neuroimaging studies of SCZ (Borgwardt et al., 2010; Brunet-Gouet and Decety, 2006; Chou et al., 2014; Davatzikos et al., 2005; Di Rosa et al., 2009; Dong et al., 2006; Faget-Agius et al., 2012; Gaser et al., 1999; Herrmann et al., 2006; Johnston et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2002; Mashal et al., 2014; Nierenberg et al., 2005; Niznikiewicz et al., 2000; Onitsuka et al., 2005; Onitsuka et al., 2003; Quarantelli et al., 2014; Schultz et al., 2010; Seiferth et al., 2008; Shenton et al., 2001; Singh et al., 2014; Takahashi et al., 2011; Tanskanen et al., 2010; Walther et al., 2009; Whalley et al., 2006; Yoon et al., 2006). These brain regions are involved in a variety of cognitive operations of relevance to schizophrenia, including language, visual attention and emotional processing (Cohen et al., 1996; Dong et al., 2006; Herrmann et al., 2006; Johnston et al., 2005; Kaas, 1995; Mashal et al., 2014; Nierenberg et al., 2005; Niznikiewicz et al., 2000; Seiferth et al., 2008; Walther et al., 2009; Whalley et al., 2006; Yoon et al., 2006).
Mapping pathologic circuitry in schizophrenia
2018, Handbook of Clinical Neurology