Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
New researchParietal Lobe Volume Deficits in Adolescents With Schizophrenia and Adolescents With Cannabis Use Disorders
Section snippets
Subjects
A total of 115 subjects ranging in age from 10 through 21 years were recruited from clinical programs at the University of Minnesota under an approved Institutional Review Board protocol. For subjects under age 18, informed consent was obtained from at least one parent, and assent was obtained from the subjects themselves. Participants over age 18 consented to their own participation, and their parents consented for a collateral interview and substance use history. Subjects were administered
Demographics and Substance Use
The study included four groups of subjects: healthy controls without a history of substance use disorders n = 51 (HC), healthy controls with cannabis use disorders n = 16 (CUD), schizophrenia without a history of substance misuse n = 35 (EOS), schizophrenia with cannabis use disorders n = 13 (EOS + CUD) (Table 1). There were no significant differences in age or handedness among the four groups (Table 1). However, the comorbid adolescents differed in terms of their gender distribution (all of
Discussion
To our knowledge, this study is the first to comprehensively examine alterations in brain morphology in using volume, surface area, and thickness measures associated with recurrent exposure to cannabis in both healthy adolescents and adolescents with EOS. The basis for the comorbidity of EOS and CUD was examined by testing whether pure EOS and pure CUD had shared alterations in brain structure and by examining the profile of the comorbid group in relationship to those of the pure groups. The
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2023, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North AmericaOmega-3 fatty acids during adolescence prevent schizophrenia-related behavioural deficits: Neurophysiological evidences from the prenatal viral infection with PolyI:C
2021, European NeuropsychopharmacologyCitation Excerpt :In our study, OFC is abnormally increased in the MIS model, and ω−3 supplementation prevents this structural abnormality. Also, abnormalities in the GM volume of the parietal cortex have been reported as the earliest GM volumetric deficits in schizophrenia (Kumra et al., 2012; Thompson et al., 2001). These deficits may be partially responsible for the attention/working memory-related somatosensory deficits seen in these patients (Huang et al., 2010).
Evidence that reduced gray matter volume in psychotic disorder is associated with exposure to environmental risk factors
2018, Psychiatry Research - NeuroimagingCitation Excerpt :Malchow et al. (Malchow et al., 2013) reported lower volumes of the bilateral caudate nucleus in patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, and both a family history of schizophrenia and cannabis use, compared to patients with no or only one risk factor, not exploring sex effects. However, Kumra and colleagues (Kumra et al., 2012) found that both schizophrenia and cannabis use disorder independently were associated with parietal lobe volume deficits, but there was no additive volumetric deficit in the group with comorbid schizophrenia and cannabis use. In patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and an additional diagnosis of cannabis abuse or dependence, there was no difference in global brain measures (including GMV) with respect to patients who never used cannabis (Cahn et al., 2004).
This work was supported by National Institute of Mental Health grant MH073150-05 (Cannabis and Schizophrenia; to S.K.).
Disclosure: Dr. Kumra has received research support from the Minnesota Medical Foundation, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, and AstraZeneca. Dr. Tambyraja receives research support from the Minnesota Medical Foundation. Drs. Lim and Robinson, and Mr. Jensen, Ms. Schimunek, Ms. Houri, and Ms. Reis report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.