Disturbed frontal gyrification within families affected with schizophrenia
Section snippets
Objectives of the study
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder leading to long-term disability in a substantial proportion of sufferers. About half of the pathophysiological variability can be explained by genetic factors. The intensive search for candidate genes has led to a number of informative chromosomal regions, but only recently to promising candidate genes such as dysbindin, neuregulin-1, G72/G30 and DAAO. A number of problems might have contributed to this long search, including the unsatisfactory
Patients and control subjects
The sample consisted of schizophrenic patients (n = 48), their relatives suffering from a psychiatric illness other than schizophrenia, psychotic illness or spectrum disorders (ICD10: F0–F1, F32–F59, F60.2–F9; mainly depression and/or alcohol dependence) (n = 29), their relatives without any diagnosed psychiatric illness (n = 53) and control subjects (n = 41) from the resident population beyond families with schizophrenia. Furthermore, the families were categorized as having one member (uniaffected) or
Influence of site of MRI, sex, age, family and other intervening variables
Mean age was significantly different between the four groups under study (Table 1). Comparing the distribution of males and females, there was no significant difference between diagnostic groups. The percentage of right-handers was lowest in family members (= FM) with schizophrenia, but there was no significant difference between the groups.
There were significant differences related to the site of MRI for right frontal GI and bilateral parieto-occipital GI. Looking at the influence of sex,
Discussion
The aim of this study was to further elucidate whether our recent finding of frontal hypergyria in schizophrenia (Vogeley et al., 2000, Vogeley et al., 2001) could be replicated in another larger, more representative sample comparing patients suffering from schizophrenia with a fairly large number of first-degree relatives with and without a psychiatric disorder as well as control subjects. This allows a detailed analysis based on the subgroups outlined above. We also extended our measurements
Acknowledgment
Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Fa 241/2-3).
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Increased gyrification in schizophrenia and non affective first episode of psychosis
2018, Schizophrenia ResearchCitation Excerpt :Indeed, as suggested by Nenadic et al. (2015), differences in resolution (higher for the vertex-level approach) could explained the abovementioned differences in GI in schizophrenia. Interestingly, it is worth mentioning that some of the studies were carried out in multi-affected families (Falkai et al., 2007; Vogeley et al., 2001) or in high risk individuals (Harris et al., 2004), and they also found increased GI in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia (Falkai et al., 2007; Vogeley et al., 2001) and in individuals at high risk who subsequently develop schizophrenia (Harris et al., 2004). Therefore, these findings suggested that increased PFC gyrification might be considered a putative endophenotype of schizophrenia and a predictive vulnerability marker for this disorder.
Cortical folding abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia who have persistent auditory verbal hallucinations
2018, European NeuropsychopharmacologyBiological and cognitive correlates of cortical curvature in schizophrenia
2017, Psychiatry Research - NeuroimagingCitation Excerpt :In the same vein, the lack of FA decrease after correction for multiple comparisons would be coherent with a significant FA deficit in the analyzed tracts limited to a subset of cases. Heterogeneous results regarding curvature have been reported in schizophrenia, with increased (Falkai et al., 2007; Narr et al., 2004; Schultz et al., 2010; Vogeley et al., 2000) normal (Fornito et al., 2008; Wiegand et al., 2005) and reduced (Cachia et al., 2008; Wheeler and Harper, 2007) gyrification indexes being reported. This, along with our former study (Lubeiro et al., 2016) and the present results supports the existence of patients with and without altered cortico-cortical connectivity.
Increased white matter radial diffusivity is associated with prefrontal cortical folding deficits in schizophrenia
2017, Psychiatry Research - NeuroimagingIdentification of two clusters within schizophrenia with different structural, functional and clinical characteristics
2016, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :This approach has the advantage of being data-driven, where all cases were introduced a priori into the clustering analyses, without taking into consideration patients' diagnoses. A number of schizophrenia patients (not all) showed significantly increased curvature, which correlates with reports of high (Falkai et al., 2007), normal (Fornito et al., 2008) and reduced (Cachia et al., 2008) gyrification within this syndrome. The relevance of this structural alteration is underlined by reduced subcortical metabolism within this group and its equal proportion within FE and chronic patients.