Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) comprise a range of disorders that share a core of
neurobehavioural deficits characterized by widespread abnormalities in social interactions, deficits …

A fundamental impediment to understanding the brain is the availability of inexpensive and
robust methods for targeting and manipulating specific neuronal populations. The need to …

We generated transgenic mice in which red, green, yellow, or cyan fluorescent proteins (together
termed XFPs) were selectively expressed in neurons. All four XFPs labeled neurons in …

The basal forebrain provides the primary source of cholinergic input to the cortex, and it has
a crucial function in promoting wakefulness and arousal. However, whether rapid changes …

Optogenetic methods have emerged as powerful tools for dissecting neural circuit connectivity,
function and dysfunction. We used a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic …

CRISPR-Cas9 is a versatile genome editing technology for studying the functions of genetic
elements. To broadly enable the application of Cas9 in vivo, we established a Cre-…

Several large-scale genomic studies have supported an association between cases of autism
spectrum disorder and mutations in the genes SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains …

Do new synapses form in the adult cortex to support experience-dependent plasticity? To
address this question, we repeatedly imaged individual pyramidal neurons in the mouse barrel …

The primary motor cortex (M1) is essential for voluntary fine-motor control and is functionally
conserved across mammals 1 . Here, using high-throughput transcriptomic and epigenomic …

Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) are a class of naturally occurring DNA-binding
proteins found in the plant pathogen Xanthomonas sp. The DNA-binding domain of each …