Diffuse white-matter disease associated with small-vessel disease and dementia is prevalent
in the elderly. The biological mechanisms, however, remain elusive. Using pericyte-…

Pericytes are positioned between brain capillary endothelial cells, astrocytes and neurons.
They degenerate in multiple neurological disorders. However, their role in the pathogenesis …

Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), the main susceptibility gene for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), leads
to vascular dysfunction, amyloid-β pathology, neurodegeneration and dementia. How these …

Netrin has been implicated in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon pathfinding in a number of
species. In Xenopus laevis, RGC axons reaching their target in the optic tectum can be …

White matter neurons in multiple sclerosis brains are destroyed during demyelination and
then replaced in some chronic multiple sclerosis lesions that exhibit a morphologically distinct …

3K3A-activated protein C (APC), a cell-signaling analogue of endogenous blood serine
protease APC, exerts vasculoprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities in …

Pericytes are perivascular mural cells that enwrap brain capillaries and maintain blood-brain
barrier (BBB) integrity. Most studies suggest that pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow (…

Astrocyte-derived factors can control synapse formation and functions, making astrocytes an
attractive target for regulating neuronal circuits and associated behaviors. Abnormal …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in tissue alterations distant from the site of the initial
injury, which can trigger pathological changes within hippocampal circuits and are thought to …

Liver failure causes breakdown of the Blood CNS Barrier (BCB) leading to damages of the
Central-Nervous-System (CNS), however the mechanisms whereby the liver influences BCB-…