Background: This report provides histopathological evidence to support prior neuroimaging
findings of decreased volume and altered metabolism in the frontal cortex in major …

Increasing evidence suggests that mood disorders are associated with a reduction in
regional CNS volume and neuronal and glial cell atrophy or loss. Lithium, a mainstay in the …

The influence of stress and glucocorticoids on neuronal pathology has been demonstrated
in animal and clinical studies. It has been proposed that stress-induced changes in the …

Background: Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a mental illness in which depression and mania typically
alternate, and both phases can present with psychotic features. The symptomatology of …

Recent research has changed the perception of glia from being no more than silent
supportive cells of neurons to being dynamic partners participating in brain metabolism and …

It has been hypothesized that a deficit in serotonin may be a crucial determinant in the
pathophysiology of major depression. Serotonin-1A receptors are located on serotonin cell bodies …

Background: In the past two decades, gross morphologic changes have been uncovered in
the schizophrenic brain, eg, increased ventricular width and decreased cortical volume; …

BACKGROUND: Imaging studies report that hippocampal volume is decreased in major
depressive disorder (MDD). A cellular basis for reduced hippocampal volume in MDD has not …

Importance The neuroinflammatory hypothesis of major depressive disorder is supported by
several main findings. First, in humans and animals, activation of the immune system …

Previous imaging and postmortem studies have reported a lower brain volume and a smaller
size and density of neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) of subjects with …