Using olfactory molecular specificity, we examined the inheritance of parental traumatic
exposure, a phenomenon that has been frequently observed, but not understood. We subjected …

There is abundant evidence for abnormalities of the norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5HT)
neurotransmitter systems in depression and anxiety disorders. The majority of evidence …

Context In addition to trauma exposure, other factors contribute to risk for development of
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adulthood. Both genetic and environmental factors are …

Objective: Exposure to traumatic experiences, especially those occurring in childhood, has
been linked to substance use disorders (SUDs), including abuse and dependence. SUDs are …

Recent decades have witnessed tremendous advances in the neuroscience of emotion,
learning and memory, and in animal models for understanding depression and anxiety. This …

… This research was funded by MH071537 (Kerry J. Ressler), MH58922 -project 6 (Charles
B. Nemeroff/Christine Heim), and a NARSAD Young Investigator Award (Elisabeth B. Binder), …

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to increase understanding of environmental risk
factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) within an …

Context Genetic inheritance and developmental life stress both contribute to major
depressive disorder in adults. Child abuse and trauma alter the endogenous stress response, …

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is known to broadly regulate the
cellular stress response. In contrast, it is unclear if the PACAP–PAC1 receptor pathway has …

This work was supported by National Institute of Health (NIH) grants MH-541380, MH-77083,
MH-69056, MH-58922, MH-42088, MH071537, and DA-019624; the Doris Duke Clinical …