The median (MR) and dorsal raphe (DR) nuclei contain the majority of the 5-hydroxytryptamine
(5-HT, serotonin) neurons that project to limbic forebrain regions, are important in …

Estrogen acts in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMH) of female rats to promote
sexual behavior, as typified by the lordosis response. Morphological changes in the VMH, such …

Background: Prenatal alcohol exposure can cause damage to the developing fetus with
outcomes including growth deficiency, facial dysmorphology, brain damage, and cognitive and …

Estrogen acts in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMH) to promote female sexual
behavior. One potential mechanism through which estrogen may facilitate this behavior is by …

Trauma during early life is a major risk factor for the development of anxiety disorders and
suggests that the developing brain may be particularly sensitive to perturbation. Increased …

Neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) that project to the periaqueductal
gray (PAG) form a crucial segment of the motor pathway that produces the lordosis posture, …

The lordosis reflex, a stereotypic posture adopted by female rats during sexual behavior,
requires the convergence of a hormonal signal, estrogen, with a descending neural pathway …

Discrimination and reversal of the classically conditioned eyeblink response depends on
cerebellar–brainstem interactions with the hippocampus. Neonatal “binge” exposure to alcohol …

Background: Neonatal alcohol consumption in rats is widely used to model cerebellar injury
arising from 3rd‐trimester human fetal alcohol exposure. Binge alcohol exposure of 5 g/kg/…

The long‐term effects of binge‐like postnatal alcohol exposure on cell proliferation and
differentiation in the adolescent rat neocortex were examined. Unlike the hippocampal dentate …