Addictive drugs hijack mechanisms of learning and memory that normally underlie reinforcement
of natural rewards and induce synaptic plasticity of glutamatergic transmission in the …

Multimodal astrocyte–neuron communications govern brain circuitry assembly and function
1 . For example, through rapid glutamate release, astrocytes can control excitability, plasticity …

The activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) leads to long-term depression
(mGluR-LTD) at many synapses of the brain. The induction of mGluR-LTD is well …

Cocaine strengthens excitatory synapses onto midbrain dopamine neurons through the
synaptic delivery of GluR1-containing AMPA receptors. This cocaine-evoked plasticity depends …

The lateral habenula ( LH b) is an epithalamic region with a crucial role in the regulation of
midbrain monoaminergic systems. Over the past few years a renewed interest in the LH b has …

Alcohol intoxication alters coordination and motor skills, and this is responsible for a
significant number of traffic accident-related deaths around the world. Although the precise …

The manner in which drug-evoked synaptic plasticity affects reward circuits remains largely
elusive. We found that cocaine reduced NMDA receptor excitatory postsynaptic currents and …

The cerebellum, a primary brain structure involved in the control of sensorimotor tasks, also
contributes to higher cognitive functions including reward, emotion and social interaction. …

The lateral habenula (LHb) encodes aversive signals, and its aberrant activity contributes to
depression-like symptoms. However, a limited understanding of the cellular mechanisms …

Cocaine withdrawal produces aversive states and vulnerability to relapse, hallmarks of
addiction. The lateral habenula (LHb) encodes negative stimuli and contributes to aversive …