Startle syndromes consist of three heterogeneous groups of disorders with abnormal responses
to startling events. The first is hyperekplexia, which can be split up into the "major" or "…

This review will consider the knowledge that neuroimaging studies have provided to the
understanding of the anatomy of dystonia. Major advances have occurred in the use of …

Primary focal dystonias form a group of neurological disorders characterized by involuntary,
sustained muscle contractions causing twisting movements and abnormal postures. The …

Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP, DYT12) is a distinctive autosomal-dominant
movement disorder with variable expressivity and reduced penetrance characterized by abrupt …

Rapid-onset dystonia–parkinsonism (RDP) (also known as DYT12) is characterized by the
abrupt onset of dystonia and parkinsonism and is caused by mutations in the ATP1A3 gene. …

Hyperekplexia is a human neurological disorder characterized by an excessive startle response
and is typically caused by missense and nonsense mutations in the gene encoding the …

Ataxia‐telangiectasia (A‐T) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with
multisystem involvement and cancer predisposition, caused by mutations in the A‐T mutated (…

Functional neurological (conversion) disorder (FND) was of great interest to early clinical
neuroscience leaders. During the 20th century, neurology and psychiatry grew apart - leaving …

Objective A study was undertaken to identify the gene underlying DYT4 dystonia, a dominantly
inherited form of spasmodic dysphonia combined with other focal or generalized dystonia …

Background Acute posthypoxic myoclonus (PHM) can occur in patients admitted after
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and is considered to have a poor prognosis. The origin can …