The nucleus accumbens, a site within the ventral striatum, is best known for its prominent role
in mediating the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse such as cocaine, alcohol, and nicotine…

Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) have been associated with long-term cognitive deficits
relating to trauma-induced neurodegeneration. These long-term deficits include impaired …

In a number of animal species, the growth-associated protein (GAP), GAP-43 (aka: F1,
neuromodulin, B-50, G50, pp46), has been implicated in the regulation of presynaptic vesicular …

The CA2 region of the hippocampus is a somewhat obscure area lacking in an understanding
of its form and function. Until recently, the CA2 has been thought of as merely an …

THE novel opioid receptor ORL1 is widely distributed throughout the CNS of the rat, and is
present in high densities in several brain regions known to participate in the control of food …

Background: The treatment of schizophrenia is challenging due to the wide range of symptoms
(positive, negative, cognitive) associated with the disease. Typical antipsychotics that …

Phthalates are synthetically derived chemicals used as plasticizers in a variety of common
household products. They are not chemically bound to plastic polymers and over time, easily …

Parkinson’s disease (PD) currently affects more than 1 million people in the US alone, with
nearly 8.5 million suffering from the disease worldwide, as per the World Health Organization. …

The effect of microinfusion of the N-methyl-{d}-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic
acid (AP-5) into the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and dorsal and …

Oligonucleotide aptamers are short, synthetic, single-stranded DNA or RNA able to recognize
and bind to a multitude of targets ranging from small molecules to cells. Aptamers have …