Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of interactions between behavior, the brain, and the
immune system. This article is designed to provide an overview of this new field for the …

Voluntary physical activity and exercise training can favorably influence brain plasticity by
facilitating neurogenerative, neuroadaptive, and neuroprotective processes. At least some of …

Cortisol and inflammatory proteins are released into the blood in response to stressors and
chronic elevations of blood cortisol and inflammatory proteins may contribute to ongoing …

Serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) are implicated in mediating
learned helplessness (LH) behaviors, such as poor escape responding and expression of …

An ever-growing volume of peer-reviewed publications speaks to the recent and rapid growth
in both scope and understanding of exercise immunology. Indeed, more than 95% of all …

Studies have shown that peripheral levels of corticosterone correlate with the magnitudes of
two well‐described physiological models of memory, long‐term potentiation (LTP) and …

Peripheral interleukin‐1β (IL‐β) and inflammatory stimuli that induce the synthesis and
release of IL‐1β produce a variety of central nervous system responses. Most proposals …

Peripheral immune stimulation such as that provided by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been
reported to increase brain levels of IL-1β mRNA, immunoreactivity, and bioactivity. Stressors …

The mesolimbic reward pathway is implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders and is a
potential target of plasticity underlying the stress resistance produced by repeated voluntary …

Exercise training produces a vast array of physiological adaptations, ranging from changes
in metabolism to muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. Researchers studying the physiological …