Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is known to broadly regulate the
cellular stress response. In contrast, it is unclear if the PACAP–PAC1 receptor pathway has …

Background: A central problem in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a reduced
capacity to suppress fear under safe conditions. Previously, we have shown that combat‐related …

BACKGROUND:: The symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be explained, at
least in part, as an inability to inhibit learned fear during conditions of safety. Our group has …

Objective The authors examined the effectiveness of virtual reality exposure augmented
with d-cycloserine or alprazolam, compared with placebo, in reducing posttraumatic stress …

One of the central problems in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the inability to suppress
fear even under safe conditions. The neural underpinnings of fear are clinically relevant …

BACKGROUND: Women are twice as likely to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
than men. As shown in our previous work, the inability to suppress fear responses in safe …

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in a minority of traumatized
individuals. Attention biases to threat and abnormalities in fear learning and extinction are …

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder which can develop as a result
of exposure to a traumatic event and is associated with significant functional impairment. …

The purpose of this study was to analyze fear extinction and reinstatement in humans using
fear-potentiated startle. Participants were fear conditioned using a simple discrimination …

Olfactory bulbectomy, neonatal clomipramine administration, and maternal deprivation have
been employed as animal models of depression. Each model is unique with respect to the …