The ability of drugs of abuse to increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens underlies their
reinforcing effects. However, preclinical studies have shown that with repeated drug exposure …

Context Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)—characterized by symptoms of
inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity—is the most prevalent childhood psychiatric disorder that …

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequent psychiatric disorder in
children, yet data are sparse on its pathophysiology. Particularly relevant are the dopamine …

Dopamine's role in inhibitory control is well recognized and its disruption may contribute to
behavioral disorders of discontrol such as obesity. However, the mechanism by which …

The value of rewards (natural rewards and drugs) is associated with dopamine increases in
the nucleus accumbens and varies as a function of context. The prefrontal cortex has been …

Context Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder
of childhood. There is considerable evidence that brain dopamine is involved in ADHD, …

Context Predisposition to alcoholism is likely an interaction between genetic and environmental
factors that confer vulnerability and protection. Alcoholic subjects have low levels of …

Loss of control over drug taking is considered a hallmark of addiction and is critical in
relapse. Dysfunction of frontal brain regions involved with inhibitory control may underlie this …

Drugs of abuse are rewarding to addicted and nonaddicted subjects, but they trigger
craving and compulsive intake only in addicted subjects. Here, we used positron emission …

OBJECTIVE: Methamphetamine is a highly addictive drug of abuse that is neurotoxic to
dopamine terminals. The authors recently reported that decreases in dopamine transporters (…