Within the first few days of life, humans are colonized by commensal intestinal microbiota.
Here, we review recent findings showing that microbiota are important in normal healthy …

All available antidepressant medications are based on serendipitous discoveries of the
clinical efficacy of two classes of antidepressants more than 50 years ago. These tricyclic …

Increasing numbers of studies have suggested that the gut microbiota is involved in the
pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. Chronic stress can cause behavioral, cognitive …

Stress is associated with the onset and severity of several psychiatric disorders that occur
more frequently in women than men, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and …

Enhanced susceptibility to inflammatory and autoimmune disease can be related to
impairments in HPA axis activity and associated hypocortisolism, or to glucocorticoid …

Objectives. We sought to determine whether unhealthy behaviors play a stress-buffering role
in observed racial disparities in physical and mental health. Methods. We conducted logistic …

Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability, morbidity, and mortality
worldwide. The brain–gut axis functions are disturbed, revealed by a dysfunction of the …

Compelling evidence exists for pervasive sex differences in pathological conditions,
including anxiety and depressive disorders, with females more than twice as likely to be …

We propose a framework to understand increases in vulnerability for depression after
recurrent episodes that links attention processes and schema activation to negative mood …

Stress in general, and early life stress in particular, has been associated with the
development of anxiety and mood disorders. The molecular, biological and psychological …