Background: Neuroprotective effects of lithium (Li) have been well documented in tissue
cultures and animal models, whereas human data continue to be limited. Previous studies …

The mechanism of action of lithium is still largely unknown. However, recent animal and
human studies suggested the possible neuroprotective effects of this medication. In …

Objective: This proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) study identified the in
vivo effects of lithium on N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) concentrations in adolescent bipolar …

Background: Recent preclinical studies have shown that lithium (Li) robustly increases the
levels of the major neuroprotective protein, bcl-2, in rat brain and in cells of human neuronal …

Previous studies have found that treatment with lithium over a 4-week period may increase
the concentration of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) in both bipolar patients and controls. In view of …

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies (MRS) reported abnormally low
levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA, a marker of neuronal integrity) in dorsolateral prefrontal …

Background: The hippocampus has been highly implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar
disorder (BD). Nevertheless, no study has longitudinally evaluated hippocampal metabolite …

It has been proposed that lithium is effective in bipolar disorder (BD) by inhibiting
glutamatergic neurotransmission, particularly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors …

Background: N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) is an amino acid present in high concentrations in
neurons and is thus a putative neuronal marker. In vivo proton magnetic resonance …

Objectives The aim of the present study was to examine N‐acetylaspartate (NAA), a general
marker of neuronal viability, and total NAA (tNAA), the combined signal of NAA and N …