Article Figures & Tables
Figures
- Fig. 1
Representative receptor autoradiographs of mGluR2/3 [3H]LY341495 and mGluR5 [3H]MPEP binding from the anterior cingulate cortex of samples from the (A) Stanley Depression Collection (control, major depression with psychosis, major depression without psychosis) and the (B) Stanley Neuropathology Consortium (control, major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia). A representative nonspecific binding has been included for each cohort. mGluR2/3 [3H]LY341495 and mGluR5 [3H]MPEP binding densities were not different between pathological and control groups.
- Fig. 2
Normalized (A) mGluR2/3 [3H]LY341495 and (B) mGluR5 [3H]MPEP binding density (as measured in fmol/mg tissue) in the anterior cingulate cortex of control (CT; diamonds = Depression Collection; solid circles = Neuropathology Consortium), major depression with psychosis (MDP; hollow circles), major depression without psychosis (MDNP; Depression Collection = hollow squares; Neuropathology Consortium = upward arrowheads), bipolar disorder (BD; downward arrowheads), and schizophrenia (SZ; solid squares) groups. mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 binding densities were not altered or differentially expressed in the anterior cingulate cortex in these neuropathologies.
Tables
- Table 1
Cohort demographic and clinical descriptives of tissue sample donors within the Depression Collection
Group; mean (range)* Descriptive Control MD (total) MDP MDNP No. of patient donors 12 24 11 12 Age at death, yr 46.8 (24–62) 42.2 (24–63) 39.6 (28–63) 42.8 (24–56) Illness duration, yr — 11.7 (0.1–31) 11 (3–21) 12.3 (0.1–31) Age at illness onset, yr — 29.7 (13–45) 28.6 (13–39) 30.5 (14–45) Sex, male:female 8:4 13:11 5:6 7:5 PMI, h 25.3 (9–65) 29.6 (13–65) 33.1 (19–52) 23.6 (13–38) Refrigeration, h† 7.42 (3–18) 7.96 (1–31) 7.18 (1–14) 8 (2–31) pH 6.64 (6.31–6.57) 6.6 (6.3–6.9) 6.6 (6.3–6.74) 6.7 (6.52–6.9) Hemisphere, right:left 6:6 15:9 8:3 7:5 Antipsychotics‡ 0 12 9 3 Fluphenazine equivalents — 2 242 (100–6 500) 2 533 (100–6 500) 1 367 (100–3 000) ↵MD = major depression; MDNP = major depression without psychosis; MDP = major depression with psychosis; PMI = postmortem interval.
↵* Unless otherwise indicated.
↵† Values refer to the mean interval between patient death and refrigeration of the body at the medical examiner’s office.
‡ Number of patients with a prescription for antipsychotics at the time of death.
- Table 2
Cohort demographic and clinical descriptives of tissue sample donors within the Neuropathology Consortium
Group; mean (range)* Descriptive Control MD Bipolar disorder Schizophrenia No. of patient donors 15 15 15 15 Age at death, yr 48.1 (29–68) 46.5 (30–65) 42.3 (25–61) 44.2 (25–62) Illness duration, yr — 12.6 (1–42) 20.13 (6–43) 21.3 (5–45) Age at illness onset, yr — 33.9 (11–54) 21.5 (7–39) 23.2 (13–42) Sex, male:female 9:6 9:6 9:6 9:6 PMI, h 23.7 (8–42) 27.5 (7–47) 32.5 (13–62) 33.7 (12–61) FST, d 338.27 (31–774) 434 (86–931) 620 (224–836) 621.13 (68–938) pH 6.3 (5.8–6.6) 6.2 (5.6–6.5) 6.2 (5.8–6.5) 6.1 (5.8–6.6) Hemisphere, right:left 7:8 6:9 8:7 6:9 Antipsychotics† 0 0 12 14 Fluphenazine equivalents — — 26 033 (200–60 000) 56 000 (1 000–2 000) - Table 3
Pearson correlations for variables influencing mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 binding densities in the anterior cingulate cortex within diagnostic groups of the Depression Collection
Diagnosis; variable Age at death Fluphenazine equivalent All samples, n = 36 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.551 p < 0.001 — — mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.569 p < 0.001 — — mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.403 p = 0.015 — — mGluR5 total r = 0.359 p = 0.032 — — Controls, n = 12 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.551 p = 0.06 — — mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.747 p = 0.005 — — mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.134 p = 0.68 — — mGluR5 total r = 0.023 p = 0.94 — — Major Depression, all samples; n = 24 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.570 p = 0.004 r = −0.289* p = 0.19* mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.507 p = 0.011 r = −0.460* p = 0.031* mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.529 p = 0.008 r = −0.047* p = 0.84* mGluR5 total r = 0.545 p = 0.006 r = −0.005* p = 0.98* Major Depression, with psychosis; n = 11 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.765 p = 0.006 — — mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.748 p = 0.008 — — mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.692 p = 0.018 — — mGluR5 total r = 0.551 p = 0.08 — — Major Depression, without psychosis; n = 12 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.371 p = 0.24 — — mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.383 p = 0.22 — — mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.335 p = 0.29 — — mGluR5 total r = 0.587 p = 0.045 — — ↵* n = 12.
- Table 4
Pearson correlations for variables influencing mGluR2/3 and mGluR5 binding densities in the anterior cingulate cortex within diagnostic groups of the Neuropathology Consortium.
Diagnosis; variable Age at death Fluphenazine equivalent All samples, n = 60 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.410 p = 0.001 — — mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.464 p < 0.001 — — mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.273 p = 0.035 — — mGluR5 total r = 0.087 p = 0.51 — — Controls, n = 15 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.695 p = 0.004 — — mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.666 p = 0.007 — — mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.575 p = 0.025 — — mGluR5 total r = −0.305 p = 0.27 — — Major depression, n = 15 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.258 p = 0.35 — — mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.355 p = 0.19 — — mGluR2/3 lower r < 0.001 p = 0.10 — — mGluR5 total r = −0.453 p = 0.09 — — Bipolar disorder, n = 15 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.045 p = 0.87 r = −0.554 p = 0.032 mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.286 p = 0.30 r = −0.525 p = 0.045 mGluR2/3 lower r = 0.170 p = 0.55 r = −0.482 p = 0.07 mGluR5 total r = 0.023 p = 0.93 r = −0.131 p = 0.64 Schizophrenia, n = 15 mGluR2/3 total r = −0.528 p = 0.043 r = −0.109 p = 0.70 mGluR2/3 upper r = −0.458 p = 0.09 r = 0.016 p = 0.96 mGluR2/3 lower r = −0.515 p = 0.049 r = −0.225 p = 0.42 mGluR5 total r = 0.505 p = 0.06 r = 0.477 p = 0.07
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