Memory |
California Verbal Learning Test |
Total recall in 5 trials | 52.9 ± 10.8 | 57.8 ± 11.9 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −1.9 ± 6.9 | 0.5 ± 5.5 | t28 = −1.08 | 0.28 | −0.4 |
Change score 8 months | 2.5 ± 6.6 | 4.6 ± 8.9 | t28 = −0.58 | 0.57 | −0.3 |
Stability of time | | | t27 = 0.10 | 0.92 | |
Digit span |
Forward | 9.3 ± 1.9 | 9.5 ± 2.0 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | 0.2 ± 1.7 | 0 ± 2.1 | t27 = 0.17 | 0.87 | 0.1 |
Change score 8 months | −0.3 ± 1.8 | −0.2 ± 2.4 | t27 = −0.14 | 0.89 | −0.1 |
Stability of time | | | t27 = −0.30 | 0.77 | |
Backward | 5.7 ± 1.5 | 6.6 ± 2.1 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | 1.4 ± 1.6 | 0.4 ± 1.4 | t27 = 1.14 | 0.26 | 0.7 |
Change score 8 months | 1.0 ± 1.9 | 0.9 ± 2.0 | t29 = −0.19 | 0.85 | 0.1 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −1.17 | 0.25 | |
Rey Complex Figure Test |
Copy score | 31.6 ± 2.7 | 30.9 ± 4.1 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −1.7 ± 1.9 | 1.7 ± 3.7 | t27 = −3.64 | 0.001 | −1.2 |
Change score 8 months | −2.3 ± 3.1 | 2.6 ± 4.3 | t28 = −3.92 | 0.001 | −1.3 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −1.59 | 0.11 | |
Immediate recall score | 21.6 ± 7.6 | 19.9 ± 6.3 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −1.8 ± 5.9 | 3.1 ± 5.0 | t28 = −2.2 | 0.030 | −0.9 |
Change score 8 months | 0.4 ± 4.4 | 6.4 ± 4.7 | t27 = −3.75 | 0.001 | −1.3 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −0.52 | 0.60 | |
Executive functioning |
Stroop Colour Word Test |
Time card 3 – time card 2 seconds | 44.0 ± 22.4 | 32.9 ± 11.8 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −6.5 ± 14.1 | −3.6 ± 7.9 | t27 = 0.43 | 0.67 | −0.3 |
Change score 8 months | −7.6 ± 15.8 | −3.2 ± 11.6 | t28 = 0 | > 0.99 | −0.3 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −0.39 | 0.70 | |
Verbal fluency |
Phonemic (A) | 11.8 ± 3.8 | 11.0 ± 4.9 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −1.8 ± 2.4 | −0.2 ± 4.8 | t27 = −1.10 | 0.27 | −0.4 |
Change score 8 months | −0.6 ± 3.0 | 1.9 ± 4.5 | t28 = −1.61 | 0.11 | −0.7 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −0.75 | 0.46 | |
Phonemic (N) | 11.9 ± 4.2 | 13.4 ± 3.5 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −2.0 ± 4.4 | −1.6 ± 3.5 | t28 = −0.87 | 0.38 | −0.1 |
Change score 8 months | −0.1 ± 3.8 | −0.1 ± 4.5 | t28 = −0.48 | 0.63 | 0 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.25 | 0.80 | |
Semantic (animals) | 22.3 ± 5.6 | 23.3 ± 5.5 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −1.5 ± 5.2 | 0.5 ± 3.8 | t27 = −1.66 | 0.10 | −0.4 |
Change score 8 months | −0.7 ± 4.5 | 0.2 ± 4.2 | t27 = −0.68 | 0.50 | −0.2 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.58 | 0.56 | |
Semantic (occupations) | 15.6 ± 2.9 | 14.8 ± 3.5 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −0.9 ± 3.9 | 2.9 ± 2.5 | t27 = −3.04 | 0.002 | −1.2 |
Change score 8 months | 3.1 ± 3.5 | −0.5 ± 4.0 | t27 = −0.03 | 0.98 | 1.0 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 2.28 | 0.025 | |
Trail Making Test |
Time B ÷ time A | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.1 ± 0.7 | t28 = 1.31 | 0.19 | 0.7 |
Change score 8 months | 0.8 ± 1.6 | −0.2 ± 0.6 | t29 = 1.91 | 0.06 | 0.8 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 1.08 | 0.28 | |
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test |
No. of categories | 4.4 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 1.9 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −0.6 ± 2.1 | −0.5 ± 1.6 | t28 = −0.24 | 0.65 | −0.1 |
Change score 8 months | 0.1 ± 1.7 | 0.1 ± 1.2 | t28 = −0.34 | 0.74 | 0 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.12 | 0.90 | |
% of perseverative errors | 19.9 ± 17.8 | 13.6 ± 11.1 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −1.8 ± 12.5 | 2.4 ± 12.5 | t28 = −0.18 | 0.86 | −0.3 |
Change score 8 months | −4.0 ± 8.4 | −2.7 ± 12.0 | t27 = 0.54 | 0.59 | −0.1 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.78 | 0.44 | |
Tower of London Test |
Total no. of steps | 32.6 ± 5.5 | 32.2 ± 5.1 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −2.1 ± 5.6 | 0.7 ± 8.0 | t27 = −1.01 | 0.31 | −0.4 |
Change score 8 months | −2.0 ± 7.2 | 3.9 ± 7.7 | t27 = −1.89 | 0.07 | −0.8 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −0.90 | 0.38 | |
Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices | 9.2 ± 1.7 | 8.4 ± 3.0 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −0.8 ± 1.9 | 0.6 ± 1.7 | t27 = −1.97 | 0.05 | −0.8 |
Change score 8 months | −0.4 ± 2.5 | 0.5 ± 2.4 | t28 = −0.74 | 0.46 | −0.4 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.53 | 0.60 | |
Attention |
Continuous Performance Test |
Figures d-prime | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −0.1 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.9 | t26 = −1.84 | 0.07 | −0.7 |
Change score 8 months | 0 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.7 | t26 = −1.16 | 0.26 | −0.7 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.58 | 0.57 | |
Figures Log-B | 0.4 ± 0.8 | −0.2 ± 0.9 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −0.1 ± 0.9 | 0.1 ± 1.0 | t28 = 1.24 | 0.22 | −0.2 |
Change score 8 months | −0.2 ± 1.0 | 0 ± 1.1 | t27 = 1.05 | 0.30 | −0.2 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −0.14 | 0.89 | |
Digit Symbol Substitution Test |
No. of digits | 63.5 ± 11.1 | 68.7 ± 16.4 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | 2.9 ± 5.6 | 1.1 ± 10.1 | t27 = 1.04 | 0.30 | 0.2 |
Change score 8 months | 6.5 ± 7.4 | 2.7 ± 10.0 | t28 = 1.33 | 0.19 | 0.4 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.67 | 0.52 | |
Motor system |
Purdue Pegboard |
Dominant hand | 14.1 ± 1.7 | 13.5 ± 2.3 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | −0.2 ± 1.9 | 0.7 ± 1.9 | t27 = −1.2 | 0.23 | −0.5 |
Change score 8 months | −0.3 ± 1.4 | 0.3 ± 1.4 | t27 = −0.63 | 0.54 | −0.4 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = 0.50 | 0.62 | |
Nondominant hand | 13.2 ± 2.6 | 12.8 ± 1.7 | | | |
Change score 3 weeks | 0.4 ± 1.6 | 0.2 ± 1.6 | t27 = 0.62 | 0.54 | 0.1 |
Change score 8 months | 0.5 ± 2.4 | 1.4 ± 1.9 | t28 = −0.94 | 0.35 | −0.4 |
Stability of time | | | t28 = −1.30 | 0.20 | |